Tuesday, July 22, 2008

Tupolev 144 - In his first flights



In 1961, both British and French started to build their first supersonic aircraft, Concorde. The Soviet Premier, of that time, Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev, heard about the Anglo-French aircraft and to compete against them in this technology, the Premier, gave instructions to the Soviet engineers to build a supersonic jet aircraft through which the Soviet can catch the whole supersonic aircraft market. Andrei Tupolev was the chief designer of that time and was given this unenviable task.
Spring of 1963 and the spy network of the USSR was instructed to find out about the airframe and engines of Concorde. Information was recorded on microfilm and placed in towel dispensers, bins, cigar tins and toothpaste tubes in order to smuggle the valuble secrets back to the Soviet Union. It wasn't until 1964 that it was realised that the Soviets had penetrated the Concorde programme. The Soviets were laid behind until 1968, when the prototype was ready for its first flight. December 31st 1968. The giant aircraft took to the skies and passed over the airfield three times before landing. Tupolev and his sons were present to witness the spectacular show. Since the desing was copied from the West, the aircraft was nicknames "Konkordski". At the Paris airshow of 1973, the Tupolev 144 (Tu-144) was said to be cleaner, faster and ofcourse, bigger than the Concorde. On the third day of the show it was time for the two supersonic aircraft to duel against each other in the sky - a battle of the displays. Concorde flew first and performed a breathtaking display of the sort that we are now accustomed to from the big white wonder. Whilst on the runway, the pilot of the Konkordski was told that he now had only half the time in which to perform his display, his time had been cut. The Tu-144 took off and climbed to 4 000 feet - suddenly there was a violent change in the pitch of the aircraft and it fell out of the sky, the aircraft broke up at 1500 feet and feel onto the nearby village. All six crew and several civilians died from the accident.

Shortly before the Tu-144 took off, a French Mirage fighter launched from a nearby airfield. The Tu-144 crew were not informed of the Mirage, this was in breach of the airshow regulations. The Mirage climbed to 4 000 feet and began to film the canard foreplanes of the Tu-144. As the Konkordski climbed it was climbing towards the Mirage above them. The Tu-144 suddenly burst through the clouds and saw the Mirage, in a despirate attempt to avoid a collision the Tu-144 pilot performed a -1G dive. This manoevre caused thrust to be lost. The pilots despirately tried to windmill-start the engines as the plane fell out of the sky. The crew managed to virtually recover the plane, but tragically it was too late as the airframe was overstressed to destruction. This was why there was a cover-up and why the deaths of 8 people had no explanation...




Early in 1996 the Konkordski rose from the ashes thanks to U.S. and Russian cooperation. The Tu-144 is to be used as a testbed for the 2nd generation of supersonic transports. The competitors in this competition are the combined U.S./Russian project Vs. the European Son-Of-Concorde. The Americans and Russians are off the blocks first, one of the original Tu-144's has been refitted and stripped. The interior has had state-of-the-art instruments and recording devices fitted and is about ready for her first test-flight. The story isn't over for the Konkordski, it has only just began...

Wednesday, June 11, 2008

The Codes of Airliners - TCA

Airliners use designators or codes to help passengers identify their planes easily.The major authority to give the airliners designator codes are given to IATA (International Air Transport Association) and ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization). The codes of the flights are sometimes called Airline Call Sign. The designator codes given by the IATA are called 'IATA reservation codes'. The designators of some of the major airliners are listed below. This listing is done on the basis of IATA reservation codes.

  1. Aerolineas Argentinas - AR
  2. Air Canada - AC
  3. Air China - CA
  4. Air France - AF
  5. Air India - AI
  6. Air Newzealand - NZ
  7. Alaska Airlines - AS
  8. Alitalia - AZ
  9. All Nippon Airways - NH
  10. American Airlines - AA
  11. Ariana Afghan Airlines - FG
  12. Asiana Airlines - OZ
  13. Austrian Airlines - OS
  14. Biman Bangladesh Airlines - BG
  15. British Airways - BA
  16. Cathay Pacific - CX
  17. Continental Airlines - CO
  18. Cyprus Airways - CY
  19. Czech Airlines - OK
  20. Delta Airlines - DL
  21. Druk Air - KB
  22. Egypt Air - MS
  23. El Al Israel Airlines - LY
  24. Emirates Airline - EK
  25. Etihad Airways - EY
  26. Garuda - GA
  27. Gulf Air - GF
  28. Hawaiian Airlines - HA
  29. Indian Airlines - IC
  30. Iran Air - IR
  31. Japan Airlines - JL
  32. Jet Airways - 9w
  33. Kenya Airways - KQ
  34. Korean Air - KE
  35. Kuwait Airways - KU
  36. Lufthansa Airlines - LH
  37. Linea Aerea Cubana - CU
  38. Maersk Air - DM
  39. Malaysia Airlines - MH
  40. Mexicana Airlines - MX
  41. Myanmar Airlines - UB
  42. Northwest Airlines - NW
  43. Olympic Airlines - OA
  44. Pakistan International Airlines - PK
  45. Philippine Airlines - PR
  46. Qantas Airways - QF
  47. Qatar Airways - QR
  48. Royal Brunei Airlines - BI
  49. Royal Dutch Airlines - KL
  50. Royal Nepal Airlines - RA
  51. RyanAir - FR
  52. Saudi Arabian Airlines - SV
  53. Siberia Airlines - S7
  54. Silk Air - MI
  55. Singapore Airlines - SQ
  56. South African Airways - SA
  57. Southwest Airlines - WN
  58. SpanAir - JK
  59. SriLankan Airlines - UL
  60. Swiss International Airlines - LX
  61. Thai Airways - TG
  62. United Airlines - UA
  63. US Airways - US
  64. Virgin Atlantic Airways - VS

Saturday, May 17, 2008

Aurora - The Mysterious Aircraft


Aurora or SR-91 Aurora is a hypothesised reconnaissance aircraft of the United States which is believed can attain a speed over Mach 5 (five times the speed of sound). SR-71 Blackbird is another plane in reality which can fly at a speed about Mach 3. The Aurora was developed in 1990 s as a replacement for Blackbird. It is believed that the Aurora project was soon called back because there was a shift from spyplanes to high tech unmanned aerial vehicles and spy satellites which can do the same job at a lower risk and expense.

The sonic booms heard by the Southern Californians in mid to late 1991 makes the story of Aurora a little more mysterious. The sonic booms were quite un-natural at that time and a series sonic booms were recorded by the U.S Geological Survey sensors across Southern California. Later, the NASA sonic boom expert Dom Maglieri studied the 15 year old sonic boom data from the California Institute of Technology and came to the conclusion that the data showed something at 90,000 feet and at a speed of Mach 4 to Mach 5. He also said that the boom signature pattern recorded in the data and that of another aircraft which had traveled through the atmosphere many miles away at LAX is wildly different.

The high cost of manufacture and maintenance is another reason for the decline of this high velocity mysterious aircraft.

Wednesday, May 14, 2008

Red Bull Air Race World Series

The Grand Week of the Champagne at Reims, France was the first ever air racing event held in history. It was held in the year 1909. After that many air races were held such as Schneider Trophy seaplane race, Cleveland Air races, Reno Air races etc.

A long time since, the Red Bull Company created a series called Red Bull Air Race World Series in which pilots fly singly through a series of gates or pylons. It attracted many people especially in large cities where it was usually held. The Red Bull Series was introduced in Europe in 2003 with only half a dozen competitors, but it was remarkably successful. A three time world aerobatic champion Peter Besenyei suggested that airplane racing should be more of a three dimensional sport, and accordingly, the Red Bull races are a cross between high-G, low level, air show manoeuvres and conventional, closed-course pylon racing.

The Air Race in Europe was kicked off in 2003 with two events, one in Austria and the other in Hungary, Peter Besenyei's home country. In 2004 there were three races, two in Europe and the third one in U.S. The first of the three races was held in June at Kemble air day in Gloucestershire, U.K. The second in August at Budapest, Hungary. The final race of the season was held in conjunction with the world's premier racing venue, the 41st Annual National Air Races Championship in Reno, Nevada. The Red Bull Air Race World Series Championship was decided at the Reno event.

Eight pilots flew in each of the competitions and included some of the best aviators from the U.S. and Europe.

The planes with which the pilots create some of the amazing stunts are the world's most agile high-performance aerobatic mounts. The French CAP 232, German Extra 300, Sukhoi SU-26 to SU-31, Edge 540 is perhaps the most popular among them.


Monday, May 12, 2008

The Fantastic 4mations

The formations made by the planes in air shows sometimes take our breath away.
Some of the formations which I thought are truly fascinating are shown below.


The Diamond Formation.
The Feathered arrow Formation.

The Delta Formation.

The Flanker Formation.
The Lancaster Formation. The Big nine Formation.